Subject: Political Science
Class XI
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory
2. All questions in Section A from 1 – 16 are objective type
3. Section B contains questions 17 and 18 based on revisions and 1-mark question is multiple choice based.
4. Question numbers 19-22 carry 2 marks. The answer to these questions should not be more than 40 words.
5. Question numbers 23-27 carry 4 marks. The answer to these questions should exceed 100 words
6. Question numbers 28-29 are related to map and cartoon questions carrying 5 marks each.
7. Question numbers 30-32 carry 6 marks each. Answer these related questions.
Section – A
1. Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly of India?
Ans. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
2. Write true or false for the given statement –
Ans. Indian Constituent Assembly was formed as a result of Mount Batten – False
3. _________ is the keeper of fundamental rights.
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Supreme court
d) Governor
4. In how many articles the right to equality has been described?
a) Article 14 to 18
b) Article 19 to 22
c) Article 29 to 32
d) Article 25 to 28
5. Who was the first Chief Election Commissioner of independent India?
Ans. Sukumar Sen
6. Write the full form of E.V.M
Ans. Electronic Voting Machine
7. India is the basis appointment of public servants.
a) political merit
b) competence and aptitude
c) mere election
d) none of these
8. Which house of the Indian Parliament is called the temporary house?
Ans. Lok Sabha
9. Write true or false for the given statement –
Lok Sabha is more powerful because of the parliamentary form of government in India – True
10. What is a bill introduced by ministers called?
Ans. Government bill
11. Public interest litigation was included in its constitution by which country?
a) America
b) south Africa
c) India
d) Japan
12. The highest court of appeal is
a) supreme court
b) high court
c) district court
d) subordinate court
13. When was the State Reorganization Commission formed?
Ans. 1954
14. Who has the right to make laws on the Concurrent list?
Ans. To both the center and the state
15. Local government is a subject of which list of the constitution?
Ans. State list
16. From which country is the idea of the ideology of local government taken?
Ans. Brazil
Section – B
17. Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:
The Constitution of South Africa came into force in December 1996. It was created and implemented when South Africa was reeling under the threat of civil war after the apartheid government was toppled. According to the Constitution of South Africa, “His Declaration of Rights is the cornerstone of democracy in South Africa.” It prohibits discrimination on grounds of race, sex, pregnancy, marital status, caste or social origin, colour, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth. Constitutional rights are enforced by a special Constitutional Court.
17.1 When did the constitution of South Africa come into force?
a) 1999
b) 1996
c) 1998
d) 1995
17.2 Which country’s official’s manifesto has been called “the cornerstone of democracy”
a) America
b) South Africa
c) Germany
d) Japan
17.3 The world’s most extensive rights in the world
a) Citizens of Africa
b) Citizens of India
c) Citizens of South Africa
d) Citizens of South Korea
17.4 Which court has been created to enforce constitutional rights in South Africa?
a) Supreme Court
b) High Court
c) Subordinate Court
d) Constitutional Court
18. Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions:
The role of the governor has always been a matter of dispute between the Center and the states, the governor is not an elected official, most of the governors have been retired military officers, public servants or politicians, then the governor is appointed by the central government, so the decisions of the governor are often referred to the actions of the state government, seen as interference of the Central Government.
18.1 Who appoints the Governor?
a) State Government
b) Chief Minister
c) Supreme Court
d) Central Government
18.2 How the Governor is elected?
a) by the people
b) by indirect election
c) by the central government
d) by the chief minister
18.3 The Governor is an agent of
a) State Government
b) Chief Minister
c) Supreme Court
d) Central Government
18.4 Who is the head of state?
a) General public
b) Chief minister
c) President
d) Governor
Section – C
19. What would have been done if there was a difference of opinion between the two houses of the Parliament on the amendment proposal to the Constitution?
Ans.
- Separate special majority required in both the houses
- If the amendment was not passed in both the houses, then it would have been canceled
20. Write two differences between direct and indirect democracy.
Ans.
- In a direct democracy, the people participate directly in the governance, whereas in the indirect, the representatives elected by the people participate.
- In a direct democracy, every individual considers himself to be a government, whereas in an indirect one, the representative of the people considers himself to be the government.
21. Distinguish between political executive and permanent executive.
Ans. Political Executive: Elected for 5 years, can be removed prematurely, is not efficient in its work.
Permanent Executive: Works till the age of retirement, being efficient and efficient in his work, helps the political executive.
22. How public interest litigation can help the poor, write your views with reasoning.
Ans. Public Interest Litigation in Indian law, there is a provision for litigation to protect the public interest. Unlike other ordinary court petitions, it does not require the aggrieved party to approach the court itself. It can be filed in favour of the victims by any citizen or by the court itself.
OR
Who appoints the judges?
Ans. The judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President. Other judges are appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice and such other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, if he considers it necessary.
Section – D
23. Describe the four main functions of the Election Commission of India.
Ans.
- Preparation of Voter list
- Setting the date of the election
- Conduct elections, observe
- Release of election results.
24. Why should we study political theory? Explain in detail
Ans.
- To make aware
- To produce successful solvers of future problems
- To establish unity in the society
- To prepare for rational decision making, etc.
25. Describe the problems before the local government.
Ans.
- Lack of funds
- Lack of public awareness
- Relying on governments for financial help
- Spending more than income
OR
Write any four measures in which the independence of the judiciary has been ensured by the Constitution.
Ans. The independence of the judiciary has been ensured by the following measures in the Indian Constitution –
- The legislature is not involved in the appointment of judges to avoid the role of party politics.
- To be appointed as a judge a person should have experience of advocacy
- Judges have fixed tenure
- Judges’ salaries are paid from the Consolidated Fund
- Judges are prohibited from practicing after their retirement
26. Describe the federal feature in the Indian Constitution.
Ans.
- Constitution is supreme, no power is above the constitution, all will work within the ambit of the constitution.
- India has an independent judiciary which does not allow the government to be a dictator.
- There are three levels of governments in India: (Central level, State level, Local level)
- Constitutional Amendment system.
OR
Article 74 (i) of the constitution is related to –
Ans. There shall be a Council of Ministers to advise the President whose Prime Minister shall be the President; in the exercise of his functions, the President shall act in accordance with such advice but the President may ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider such advice.
27. What are the qualifications required to become a member of Lok Sabha?
Ans.
- Citizen of India
- Age 25 years
- Don’t be insane and bankrupt
- Do not hold any profitable government post
Section – E
28. Study the given cartoon carefully and answer the questions based on it.
1. What is the meaning of being in front of who is seen in the front of the picture?
2. Identify any two leaders and write their names.
3. Write two reasons why the Prime Minister is powerful.
29. Map Based question.
30. Describe any three privileges of the President.
Ans. The President can return the advice of the Council of Ministers and ask it to reconsider its decision. When the President feels that there is some mistake in the advice or there are some legal deficiencies or the decision is not in the interest of the country, he can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider his decision.
Secondly, the President has the power of veto (prohibition) to delay or refuse assent to the bills (except money bills) passed by the Parliament.
The third type of privilege arises due to political circumstances. The President formatlly appoints the Prime Minister. Normally in its parliamentary system, the leader of the majority party of the Lok Sabha is appointed as the Prime Minister. But if after the election no leader gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, then the President has to exercise his prerogative to decide who has the support of the majority, who can form the government and run the government.
OR
Mention the role of the Prime Minister as the head of the Council of Ministers.
Ans. 1) To create a Council of Ministers
2) To allocate departments
3) To reconstitute the Council of Ministers
4) To be the chairman of the cabinet
5) To be the link between the President and the Cabinet
6) To be the Leader of the House
7) Being the head of government
31. Describe the main feature of bureaucracy.
Ans. Main features of bureaucracy:
- Appointments on the basis of merit
- Written examinations for appointments
- Fixed tenure
- Fixed pay and allowances.
- Based on the rule of law
- Fair and fearless work
- Political neutrality
- Commitment to the Constitution and its duties
- Fostering public interest
OR
Describe the parliamentary executive in India.
Ans. The makers of our constitution wanted that the government should be such that it is sensitive and responsive to the expectations of the people, this was possible only in the parliamentary executive.
Presidential executive, because it places great emphasis on the powers of the President, it threatens individual worship.
In the parliamentary system, the executive is responsible to the legislature or the people and is also controlled, so the constitution accepted the system of parliamentary executive at both the national and provincial levels.
In this system in India, the President is the ceremonial head and the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers run the government at the national level.
Formally the executive power of the union is given to the President but in reality the President exercises these powers through the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers.
The President is elected for 5 years, he is also elected by the MPs and MLAs in each manner. This election is done according to the system of proportional representation and the principle of single transferable vote.
32. Suggest any six suggestions to improve the Indian electoral system. Describe.
Ans. Election reforms –
- Instead of Most Wins System, use Proportional Representation System
- Election of women to one-third of the seats in the Parliamentary and Legislative Assemblies.
- Control of flow of money in elections.
- Fair representation is essential in a democracy which is possible only through elections.
- The rights and freedoms of citizens are protected only by fair representation.
- National unity is strengthened by proper representation