Class XI – Physical Education – Paper – 3

Ans. b) Sports Dietician

Ans. a) Demetrius Vikelas

Ans. a) four

Ans. b) Social Wellness

Ans. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Ans. a) 0.85 or less for women. 0.9 or less for men.

Ans. a) Occupational Wellness

Ans. a) Leadership

Ans. d) (a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) (iii)

Ans. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Ans. c) Occupational therapists

Ans. b) RBCs

Ans. d) Indian Olympic Association

Ans. d) Differently abled students

Ans. c) Life force

Ans. b) Both injury prevention and performance enhancement

Ans. b) Team spirit

Ans. d) Effect of force on Different Movements done by the human body

Ans.

Ans. According to R Cassidy, “Physical education is the sum of the changes in the individual caused by experiences involving motor activities.”

Ans. It is the number of pumping/contractions of heart in one minute. It is about 72 times per minute under normal conditions in an adult.

Ans. Biceps also play a vital role in running. Biceps maintain a bent arm and help in swinging your arms back and forth while running.

Ans. The primary goal of adaptive physical education should be to ensure that the child is provided with physical education services that meet his/her unique needs. The most important objective of APE is development of the student’s motor skills. Adaptive physical education programmes strive to ensure that each student actively participates in physical education programmes at his or her own level and that the student is integrated into the regular physical education programme whenever possible.

Ans. Interval Training Method: This training method is very useful for the development of endurance. This training method is based on the principle ‘effort and recovery’ and effort again.

For example: 250 metres sprint 150 metres walk, 250 metres sprint 150 metres walk. This 150 metres walk or Jog before the next repetition is called interval between specified workout.

Ans. Ectomorphs are long and lean, with little body fat, and little muscle. They have a hard time gaining weight. Fashion models and basketball players fit this category While most of us love to hate these genetically-blessed individuals, some male ectomorphs may not be thrilled with their narrow- chested frames, and some female ectomorphs long for more womanly curves.

Endomorphs, on the other hand, have lots of body fat, and lots of muscle, and gain weight easily. They’re heavier and rounder individuals.

Mesomorphs are athletic, solid, and strong. They’re not overweight and not underweightand they can eat what they want without worrying too much about it. They both gain and lose weight without too much effort.

Ans. The major muscles involved in running are described below:

a. Glutes

b. Quads

c. Calves

d. Hamstrings

e. Core muscles

f. Biceps: biceps also play a vital role in running. Biceps maintain a bent arm and help in swinging your arms back and forth while running.

Ans. Flexibility is of two types: (i) Passive flexibility (ii) Active flexibility.

i. Passive flexibility: It is the ability to perform movements with greater. amplitude with external help is passive flexibility. e.g., Stretching exs. with the help of partner. Passive flexibility is always greater than active flexibility because with the help of partner stretching of muscles, ligaments and joint structure takes place slowly with holding method.

ii. Active flexibility: It is the ability to do movements with greater amplitude without external help is called active flexibility. Active flexibility is of two types; static and dynamic. Static flexibility is required while standing, sitting or lying. Dynamic flexibility is required for executing movements with greater amplitude when the sportsman is moving. Both flexibilities depend on motor coordination.

Ans. BMI is a statistical measurement that let us know whether the person is underweight, normal weight or overweight.

BMI is categorized as below:

Ans. Kinetics: Kinetics is an important aspect of sports performance, as it is involving the study of the forces and movements involved in athletic performance. Athletes use their kinematic and kinetic knowledge to optimize their movement patterns and mechanics which helps them to enhance their performance.

Kinematics: Kinematics is the study of motion, and it plays an important role in sports. In sports, kinematics is used to analyze the motion of athletes and equipment to understand their performance and improve their techniques. One important application of kinematics in sports is the study of movement patterns. This includes analyzing the movement of body segments, such as arms and legs, dining sports movements such as throwing, jumping, and running. By understanding the kinematics of these movements, athletes and coaches can identify areas for improvement in technique, leading to greater efficiency and reduced risk of injury.

Ans. Adolescence is the age of stress and strain. The period of passage from childhood to adulthood is a time of dramatic physical, cognitive and social changes. The early adolescence is called the age of awkwardness in physical appearance due to rapid and disproportionate growth in size, shape, height and weight. They are naturally more preoccupied about their physical appearance. Psychologically, this is a period of adjustment to the physical and social changes which distinguish childhood behaviour from adult behaviour. The variation in body build-up becomes a source of disturbance to many adolescents. In this stage, the adolescents try to solve various kinds of issues on their own. Because of not finding the right solution, they may take a wrong decision which can create a lot of stress or mental problem.

Pressure of studies, result of competitive exams, goal setting and achieving it through hard phases of life can also cause a lot of stress and tension to adolescents. They undergo lot of changes in mood, get easily irritated, when they desire for independence but are not given, results in emotional disturbances, etc.

Ans. B. Wearable Gear

Ans. A. advances

Ans. C. uncountable

Ans. D. injuries

Ans. C. 1892

Ans. B. Pierre de Coubertin

Ans. A. International Olympic Committee

Ans. D. 4

Ans. A. Flexibility

Ans. C. Power

Ans. B. Muscular Endurance

Ans. C. Muscular Strength

Ans. The benefits of Matsyasana are

i. Matsyasana opens and stretches the neck muscles and shoulders.

ii. Helps in opening the chest and corrects round shoulders too.

iii. This posture provides relief from respiratory disorders by encouraging deep breathing.

iv. Hence, Matsyasana increases lung capacity to a great extent.

v. This posture, with the spine curved and bent backwards, provides a great way of strengthening the back muscles with the formation of the arch.

vi. There is an increased supply of blood to the cervical and thoracic regions of the back that helps tone the parathyroid, pituitary and pineal glands.

Contraindications of Matsyasana

Matsyasana should not be practiced by someone suffering from

i. high or low blood pressure

ii. neck injuries or injury to any part of the lower or middle back.

iii. Migraine

iv. Spondylitis

v. Heart ailments

vi. Women who are pregnant should not attempt this yoga pose.

vii. If at the time of practice of Matsyasana, one feels any kind of tightness around the lower neck and upper back, one should immediately stop doing the asana and relax in Savasana.

Ans. Classification of Bones

i. Long bones:- They are long and wide. They act as lever. They are found in legs and arms. Example: humerus, femur, tibia and fibula.

ii. Short bones:- They are short in size and cube shaped. They are found in wrist and phalanges. Example: metatarsal and carpal.

iii. Flat bones:- These bones are flat and thin. They are composed of a central layer of sponge bone fixed between two outer layers of compact bone. Example: ribs and shoulder.

iv. Sesamoid bones:- These bones are seed like shaped and developed in the tendons where there is more friction. Example: palms of hands, sole of feet and knee caps,

v. Irregular bones:- These bones have in complete shaped as compared to other types. The bones of spinal column and skull are examples of these bones.

They are situated in Sutura points in the skull.

Ans. Inclusion is needed for the following reasons:

i. Inclusion in physical education increases social skills of students with disabilities.

ii. Inclusion is needed to increase motor skills of students with disabilities.

iii. A disabled student gets an equal chance to participate in age-appropriate activities so, it increases the confidence level.

iv. Typical students get a chance to increase friendships with disable children.

v. Inclusive education provides an opportunity to a typical student to go beyond tolerance to acceptance and advocacy.

vi. Inclusive education enables a student to increase their knowledge and acceptance based on the “contact theory”. Through frequency, meaningful and pleasant interactions, changes in attitude can occur.

Ans. Diarthrosis joints or synovial joints are freely movable joints that are most commonly present in a human body. These joints are covered by a hyaline cartilage which is a thin membrane filled with synovian fluid.

These joints are supported by ligaments that provide it with elasticity and prevents all injuries. The Diarthrosis joints are classified into further categories that are:

i. Gliding Joints: These joints move against each other or glide on a single plane. The ends of one of the gliding joints are slightly concave and other is slightly convex. Bones of wrists and ankles are example of such joints.

ii. Hinge Joints: In such joints, movement takes place on just one axis or direction like a door on its hinges. One end of such joints has a concave shape while other has convex which allows movement only in one place. Such joints are present in elbow, fingers etc.

iii. Condyloid Joints: These joints allow for circular motion, flexion and extension. The wrist joint between the radius and the carpal bones is an example of a condyloid joint.

iv. Saddle Joints: These joints allow flexion, extension and other movements, but does not allow rotation. The joint between the carpal of the hand and the metacarpal of the thumb is one such joint.

v. Ball and Socket Joints: These joints move freely and can rotate on any axis. In these joints, a rounded bone lies in a cup-like cavity. The hip and shoulder joints are examples of ball and socket joints. vi. Pivot Joints: These are joints with a rotatory movement on one axis. In other words, a bone of cylindrical shape moves around a pivot within a ring made of bones and cartilage.