Social Science (087)
Class X (2024-25)
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. The question paper comprises Six Sections – A, B, C, D, E and F. There are 37 questions in the Question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Section A – From questions 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.
3. Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.
4. Section C contains Q.25to Q. 29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.
5. Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
6. Section-E – Questions no from 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 100 words.
7. Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b from Geography (3 marks).
8. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions must be attempted.
Section A
1. The Swaraj Party was formed by:
a) Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru
b) B.R Ambedkar and Subash Chandra Bose
c) Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose
d) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
Ans. d) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru
2. The moment we speak of water shortages, we immediately associate it with regions having:
a) high rainfall or those that are drought-prone
b) low temperature or those that are abundance water
c) low rainfall or those that are drought-prone
d) heavy temperature and heavy rainfall
3.
How much is the Net Absence Ratio of Haryana? Choose the appropriate option from the following:
a) 38
b) 39
c) 27
d) 18
Ans. b) 39
4. The government planned to initiate a comprehensive land development programme. Which of the following options can be considered a relevant step in this context?
i. Providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest.
ii. Provision for crop insurance against untoward incidents.
iii. Providing special weather bulletins and agricultural reports.
iv. Promoting zamindari system in the rural areas.
a) Statement ii, iii & iv are correct.
b) Statement i, ii, & iii are correct.
c) Statement i and ii are correct.
d) Statement ii is correct.
Ans. c) Statement i and ii are correct.
5. Which of the following is a subject of the Union List?
a) Education
b) Defence
c) Trade
d) Agriculture
Ans. b) Defence
6. Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes the prudential and moral reasons for power sharing?
a) Prudential reasons emphasize the unity of the nation, while moral reasons prioritize the exercise of power by the minority.
b) Prudential reasons argue for the legitimacy of a government through citizen participation, while moral reasons highlight the negative consequences of power sharing.
c) Prudential reasons advocate for imposing the will of the majority community, while moral reasons highlight the oppressive nature of power sharing.
d) Prudential reasons focus on reducing social conflict and ensuring political stability, while moral reasons emphasize the value of power sharing in a democratic system.
Ans. d) Prudential reasons focus on reducing social conflict and ensuring political stability, while moral reasons emphasize the value of power sharing in a democratic system.
7. Assertion (A): If democracies are expected to produce good governments, then is it not fair to expect that they would also produce development.
Reason (R): Evidence shows that in practice, many democracies did not fulfil this expectation.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
8. In one of the small villages, a farmer borrows money from the village moneylender at a high monthly interest rate but is not able to repay it back. Next, he borrows it from a bank at a lower interest rate. Gradually he earns and pays back the loan to the moneylender and the bank. Which of the following best describes the role of the bank in this credit situation?
a) The bank facilitates a debt-trap situation.
b) The bank ensures a fair exchange of goods.
c) The bank saves the farmer from debt-trap.
d) The bank acts as a cooperative lender.
Ans. c) The bank saves the farmer from debt-trap.
9. Which one of the following options prove that India is a quasi-federal state?
i. More powers with Centre
ii. Residuary subjects with Centre
iii. Equal subjects with Centre and States
iv. Currency and Railways with Centre
a) i, ii and iv
b) i, iii and iv
c) i, ii and iii
d) ii, iii and iv
Ans. a) i, ii and iv
10. Study the picture and answer the question that follows:
The above postage stamp of 1850 representing the Republic of France had which figure on them?
a) Marianne
b) Clement Ader
c) Nicolas Appert
d) Andre-Marie Ampere
Ans. a) Marianne
11. Evaluate the impact of policy change that took place in India around 1991 by identifying the appropriate statements among the following options:
i. Indian producers were allowed to compete with producers around the globe.
ii. Barriers on foreign trade and foreign investment were removed to a large extent.
iii. Foreign companies were allowed to set up factories and offices in India.
iv. Businesses were allowed to make decisions freely about what they wished to import or export.
a) Statements i and ii are appropriate.
b) Statements i, ii and iii are appropriate.
c) Only statement iv is appropriate.
d) All the statements are appropriate.
Ans. d) All the statements are appropriate.
12. What was the rate of economic growth for poor countries under democracy in 1950-2000?
a) 4.34%
b) 4.28%
c) 3.95%
d) 4.42%
Ans. b) 4.28%
13. Arrange the following statements in sequential order:
i. i. Simon Commission arrived in India
ii. ii. Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement
iii. iii. Mahatma Gandhi sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating eleven demands
iv. iv. Under the presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Lahore Congress formalised the demand of ‘Purna Swaraj’ or full independence for India.
a) iv, iii, ii, i
b) ii, i, iii, iv
c) iii, iv, i, ii
d) ii, i, iv, iii
Ans. d) ii, i, iv, iii
14. In a rural village in India, Radha, a farmer, cultivated cotton on her farmland, relying on natural factors like rainfall and sunshine. She sold the harvested cotton to Ramesh, a skilled weaver, who transformed the cotton fibers into beautiful fabrics. The journey from the agricultural sector activity of cotton cultivation to the manufacturing sector activity of textile manufacturing showcases the interconnectedness of these sectors in the Indian economy. Which sector involves the transformation of natural products into other forms through manufacturing processes?
a) Primary sector
b) Quaternary sector
c) Secondary sector
d) Tertiary sector
Ans. c) Secondary sector
15. Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer
Statement I: Printed books at first did not resemble the written manuscripts in appearance and layout.
Statement II: The new technology did not entirely displace the existing art of producing books by hand.
a) Statement (i) is correct and (ii) is incorrect
b) Both (i) & (ii) are correct
c) Both (i) & (ii) are incorrect
d) Statement (i) is incorrect and (ii) is correct
Ans. d) Statement (i) is incorrect and (ii) is correct
16. X provided his friend with clues regarding the right kind of soil for growing cashew nut. Which of the following clues from X would be most helpful in determining the ideal type of soil?
Clues:
i. It is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain.
ii. It is well-known for its capacity to hold moisture.
iii. It turns yellow when it is hydrated.
iv. It is rich in kankur and bhangar nodules.
a) Clue ii and iii
b) Clue i
c) Clue iii and iv
d) Clue ii
Ans. b) Clue i
17. Which of the following statements will be considered to call a party system a multiparty system?
Statement i: There are several parties competing for power.
Statement ii: More than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power.
Statement iii: Only the two main parties have a serious chance of winning a majority.
Statement iv: The government is always formed by various parties coming together in a coalition.
a) Statement i, ii and iii are right.
b) Statement i and ii are right.
c) Statement iii is right.
d) Only statement iv is right.
Ans. b) Statement i and ii are right.
18. The Census of India records the religion of each and every Indian after every:
a) fifteen years
b) five years
c) ten years
d) two years
Ans. c) ten years
19. Which of the following is True?
a) Opposing parties is equal to political parties
b) Democracy is equal to political parties
c) Democracy is not equal to political parties
d) Democracy is equal to Ruling parties
Ans. b) Democracy is equal to political parties
20. Read the information given below and select the correct option
It is a festival season two months from now and the shoe manufacturer, Rahim, has received an order from a large trader in town for 3,000 pairs of shoes to be delivered in a month’s time. To complete production on time, Rahim has to hire a few more workers for stitching and pasting work. He has to purchase raw materials. To meet these expenses, Rahim obtains loans from two sources. First, he asks the leather supplier to supply leather now and promises to pay him later. Second, he obtains a loan in cash from the large trader as an advance payment for 1000 pairs of shoes with a promise to deliver the whole order by the end of the month. At the end of the month, Rahim is able to deliver the order, make a good profit, and repay the money that he had borrowed. Which situation best describes the above case?
a) Demand Draft facility
b) Cheque facility of Bank
c) Credit Situation
d) Activities of Self Help Groups
Ans. c) Credit Situation
Section B
21. Study the map thoroughly and mention which language could have been made the official language of the country.
Ans. Sinhala could have been recognised as the official language because the Sinhalese were the dominant community.
22. Explain any three ways in which nationalist feelings were kept alive in Poland in the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
Ans. The nationalist feelings were kept alive in Poland in the eighteenth and nineteenth century in the following ways:
i. They used music to keep their unity and identity. Karol Kurpinski, kept up the national struggle by staging his polish operas and music.
ii. The Polish people used dances like polonaise and mazurka making them into nationalist symbols.
iii. The use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of struggle against Russian dominance. In 1831, there was a Polish armed rebellion against Russian rule but the rebellion was crushed.
OR
Can you explain the factors responsible for economic hardships faced by European people during 1830s?
Ans. The 1830s were the years of great economic hardship in Europe. During the first half of the nineteenth century there was an immense increase in population all over the Europe. Due to which the supply of workers increased and the demand was very less. Problem of unemployment was faced by Europeans. Small producers and manufacturers of towns faced a stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made products. In those regions of Europe where aristocracy still enjoyed powers, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
23. What is plantation farming? What are its main characteristics?
Ans. Plantation is a type of commercial farming. In This kind of farming a single crop is grown on a large area. This kind of farming is a legacy of colonialism, adapted to local conditions. Following are its characteristics:
i. Plantation agriculture is a form of commercial farming where crops are grown for profit. Large land areas are needed for this type of agriculture.
ii. Countries that have plantation agriculture usually experience tropical climate with high annual temperatures and receive high annual rainfall
iii. Plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.
iv. Cultivation of cash for export purpose.
v. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.
vi. Tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana are important plantation crops.
24. What is federalism? Explain with examples.
Ans. Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
Usually, a federation has two levels of government. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state.
Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.
For example, in the USA and India, there are specific jurisdictions specified by the constitution to each level of government.
Section C
25. It is difficult for us to imagine a world without printed matter. Justify the statement giving any three suitable arguments.
Ans. It is difficult for us to imagine a world without printed matter because:
a. We find print everywhere around us in books, newspapers, journals, magazines, famous paintings, official circulars, calendars, diaries, advertisements and cinema posters.
b. We read printed literature, books, novels and stories. Newspapers are being read every day and track public debates.
c. Printed matter helps in preservation and dissemination of history, scientific knowledge and culture, etc.
26. Many of our spinners export cotton yarn while apparel manufacturers have to import fabric. Explain this statement with appropriate reasons.
Ans. i. We have a large share in the world trade of cotton yarn, accounting for one-fourth of the total trade. However, our trade-in garments is only 4 percent of the world’s total. Our spinning mills are competitive at the global level and capable of using all the fibres we produce.
ii. The weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much of the high-quality yarn that is produced in the country.
iii. Therefore, many of our spinners export cotton yarn while apparel/garment manufacturers have to import fabric.
iv. lf weaving sector is improved, then yarn can be used in the country and garments can be exported to earn foreign exchange for the country.
OR
Read the data in the table given below and answer the questions that follow:
i. What do mini steel plant produce?
Ans. Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use steel scrap, and sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
ii. What are integrated steel plants? Write one example.
Ans. An integrated steel plant is large, handles everything in one complex – from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and shaping. Examples Tata steel power limited, Bhilai steel limited, Bokaro steel limited (mention any one)
27. Details of funds released for farmers during the last five years are as under for loans and the development of irrigation and transportation facilities.
How would income and employment increase if farmers are provided with loans, irrigation and transportation facilities?
Ans. i. Loan provided can be used to construct a well, or to buy better quality of seeds and pesticides.
ii. Irrigation facilities can help a farmer to take a second crop, say wheat, during a rabi season which will help provide employment to more persons and lead to increase in income.
iii. Transportation facility will facilitate taking their produce to the market to sell.
28. “India has a large cultural, regional and religious diversity but there is unity among people”. What factors are responsible for this? Elaborate.
Ans. India is basically known as a land of unity in diversity. Although it is a vast country with people following different religions and speaking different languages, it has succeeded in maintaining the unity and integrity due to the following reasons:
i. Right to equality.
ii. No discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, region or religion.
iii. SCs and STs have some seats reserved and do get representation.
iv. Right to freedom of religion and cultural and educational rights.
v. No official religion or language followed in the country. All religions are treated equally.
29. Compare the workforce in three sectors and answer the question given below.
The organised sector follows formal processes and procedures. They abide by government rules and regulations and provide job security, yet the grim percentage of workers employed in this sector tells a different story altogether. Analyse the possible reasons for this distorted figure.
Ans. Although the organised sector offers jobs that are the most sought-after, yet it contributes only a meager 17% of employment. This can be due to various reasons like:
The employment opportunities in the organised sector have been expanding very slowly. This causes the workforce to rely on unorganised sectors for employment.
It is also common to find many organised sector enterprises in the unorganised sector. They adopt such strategies to evade taxes and refuse to follow laws that protect labourers. As a result, a large number of workers are forced to enter the unorganised sector jobs, which pay a very low salary.
Since 1990s a large no.of workers are losing their jobs in the organised sector. These workers Are forced to take up jobs in unorganised sector with low earnings.
Section D
30. “Formation of coal is a long drawn process spread over various periods.” Elaborate the statement with examples in the Indian context.
Ans. Coal is a naturally occurring black material which is a mixture of carbon and compounds of carbon-containing hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur. Its formation is called fossilation. It is formed due to the compression of plant material (containing carbon, the major component of coal) over millions of years. Indian coal was mainly formed during two geological ages the Gondwana and the Tertiary ages. The Gondwana coal deposits (called ‘metallurgical coal), which are more than 200 million years old, are located in the Damodar valley (West Bengal – Jharkhand), where Jharia, Raniganj, and Bokaro are important coal-fields. It is also found in the Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys. The tertiary age deposits, only about 55 million years old, are mostly found in NorthEastern India in Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland. Thus, the formation of coal is a long drawn process spread over various periods.
OR
There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Give two broad measures for it. As concerned citizens, how can you help to conserve energy?
Ans. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path for energy development. The two broad measures to do it are:
i. Increased use of Renewable energy: Conventional sources of energy are exhaustible and harmful to the environment. The rising prices and limited supply make them an unreliable source of energy in the long run. Therefore, countries should shift to renewable energy resources like solar and wind energy.
ii. Promotion of energy conservation: The economic development of any country is dependent on the availability of energy resources. All sectors including agriculture, transport, industry, etc. require energy. Much of our sources of energy are conventional which have limited supply. So energy resources must be used judiciously. As concerned citizens, we can take the following steps:
a. Switching off electronic devices when not in use prevents unnecessary wastage of energy.
b. Taking public transport and engaging in activities like carpooling.
c. Using non-conventional sources of energy like installing a solar panel.
31. What ideas justify that the first half of nineteenth century were the years of hunger, hardship and revolts?
Ans. The following facts justify that the first half of nineteenth century were the years of hunger, hardship and revolts:
i. The 1830s were years of great economic hardship.
ii. The first half of the nineteenth century saw an enormous increase in population all over the Europe.
iii. In most countries of the Europe there were more job-seekers than employment.
iv. Population from rural areas migrated to the cities to live in overcrowded slums. Small producers in town were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine-made goods from England, where industrialization was more advanced than on the continent.
v. This was especially so in textile production, which was carried out mainly in homes or small workshops and was only partly mechanized.
vi. In those regions of Europe where the aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
vii. The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to widespread anger in towns and country.
viii. In 1848, due to food shortage and unemployment the population of Paris started a revolution.
OR
In the administrative field Napoleon had incorporated revolutionary principles. Explain the statement.
Ans. Napoleon had destroyed democracy in France but in administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient.
The Civil code of 1804 also known as Napoleonic code spread to all countries including Switzerland, Italy and Germany.
The Napoleonic code did away with privileges based on birth, established equality before the law and secured the right to property.
Napoleon simplified administrative divisions thereby abolishing feudal system. He freed the peasants and other sections of society from serfdom and manorial dues.
In the towns too, guild restrictions were removed.
Transport and communications network improved and peasants, artisans, workers and businessmen enjoyed freedom that was gained due to Napoleon’s uniform laws, standardized measures and weights, common currency system which facilitated the movement and exchange of goods from one region to another.
32. There are various reforms taken to strengthen parties in India so that they perform their function well. Explain the statement with examples.
Ans. To face the challenges and deal with the problem areas, some political reforms are required which would strengthen the political parties so that they perform their function well.
A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties.
It should be mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets, about one-third to the women candidates.
There should be state funding of elections.
The government should give parties money to support the election expenses.
Examples of the efforts made for these political reforms are:
i. Defection Law: The Constitution was amended to prevent elected MLAs and MPs from changing parties. This was done because many elected representatives were indulging in defection in order to become ministers or for cash rewards. Now the law says that if any MLA or MP changes parties, he or she will lose the seat in the legislature. This new law has helped bring defection down. At the same time, this has made any dissent even more difficult. MPs and MLAs have to accept whatever the party leaders decide.
ii. Disclosing Property Details: The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals. Now, it is mandatory for every candidate who contests elections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.
OR
Explain any five functions of the ruling party.
Ans. Functions of ruling party are as follows:
i. Parties contest elections. In most democracies, elections are fought mainly among the candidates put up by political parties. Parties select their candidates in different ways.
ii. Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
iii. Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
iv. Parties form and run governments.
v. Those parties that lose in the elections play the role of opposition to the parties in power, by voicing different views and criticising government for its failures or wrong policies. Opposition parties also mobilise opposition to the government.
vi. Parties shape public opinion. They raise and highlight issues.
vii. Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes implemented by governments.
33. Why is it necessary for banks and co-operatives to extend their lending activities in rural areas? Explain.
Ans. Banks and cooperatives should increase lending facilities in rural areas because of the following reasons:
i. The formal sector i.e. the banks and the cooperatives need to engage more in the lending activities because of the disadvantages posed by the informal sector.
ii. The high cost of borrowing discourages many people who wish to start an enterprise. It also significantly reduces the income of the borrower as much of the earnings go into repayment of the loan.
iii. Dependence on informal sources of credit reduces.
iv. To provide more loan facilities to rural households.
v. To save rural people from exploitation. Often it leads to debt trap where the amount to be repaid is more than the borrower’s income and he has to borrow more.
vi. It is important that the formal credit is distributed more equally so that the poor can benefit from the cheaper loans.
vii. The bank and the cooperative societies have to increase the lending facilities to improve the livelihood of the people in rural areas.
OR
Distinguish between formal and informal credit resources.
Ans. The sources of credit have been divided into two categories i.e., formal and informal. The difference between the two is given in the following table:
Section E
34. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Many nationalists thought that the struggle against the British could not be won through non-violence. In 1928, the HSRA was founded at a meeting in Ferozeshah Kotla ground in Delhi. Amongst its leaders were Bhagat Singh, Jatin Das and Ajoy Ghosh. In a series of dramatic actions in different parts of India, the HSRA targeted some of the symbols of British power. In April 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeswar Dutta threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly. Bhagat Singh was 23 when he was tried and executed by the colonial government. During his trial, Bhagat Singh stated that he did not wish to glorify ‘the cult of the bomb and pistol’ but wanted a revolution in society.
i. What did HSRA stand for?
Ans. Hindustan Socialist Republican Army.
ii. What was the philosophy behind the founding HSRA?
Ans. The Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) believed that the struggle against the British could not be won through non-violence.
iii. Bhagat Singh and his fellows attempted to blow up a train in 1929. Who was travelling on that train?
Ans. In 1929, there was an attempt to blow up the train that Lord Irwin was travelling in.
35. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Many thought that given the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose projects, water harvesting system was a viable alternative, both socioeconomically and environmentally. In ancient India, along with the sophisticated hydraulic structures, there existed an extraordinary tradition of water-harvesting system. People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed wide ranging techniques to harvest rainwater, groundwater, river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions and their water needs. In hill and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the Western Himalayas for agriculture. ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan. In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields. In arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the ‘khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
i. What kind of agricultural structures were constructed for water harvesting in the hilly areas?
Ans. In hill and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the Western Himalayas for agriculture.
ii. In different regions of India, name any two methods of rainwater harvesting with its purpose.
Ans. Any two methods.
a. Diversion channels like ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ in hill and mountainous regions of the Western Himalayas.
b. Rooftop rainwater harvesting, commonly practiced in Rajasthan for storing drinking water.
c. Inundation channels developed in the flood plains of Bengal for irrigation.
d. Rain-fed storage structures like ‘khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
iii. What types of water storage structures are found in arid and semi-arid regions? What is its purpose?
Ans. ‘Khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan are found in arid and semi-arid regions. The purpose of khadins and johads in arid and semi-arid regions is to serve as rain-fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil.
36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The income of countries is considered to be one of the most important attributes for making comparisons between countries. Intuitively, the income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. This gives us the total income of the country. However, for comparison between countries, total income is not such a useful measure. Since, countries have different populations, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Hence, we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population. In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying countries. Countries with per capita income of US dollar 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those with per capita income of US dollar 955 or less are called low-income countries. India comes in the category of low-middle-income countries. The rich countries, excluding countries of the Middle East and certain other small countries, are generally called developed countries.
I. What is the other name of average income?
Ans. The average income is also called per capita income.
II. In which category is India classified based on its average income? Explain.
Ans. India comes in the category of low-middle-income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just US dollar 1820 per annum.
III. Is the average income an important criterion for development? Why?
Ans. Yes, the average income is important for development. Income can enable people to at least make provisions for the basic necessities of life. If the average income of a country is on the higher side, its chances of faring better on the development index are better. Hence, average income can be an important criterion for development.
Section F
37. a. Two features A and B are marked on the given political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following informations and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.
A. The place where Jallianwalla Bagh incident took place.
B. The place where Gandhiji organized Satyagraha in favour of cotton mill workers.
Ans. A – Amritsar, B – Ahmedabad
b. Locate and label any four of the following with appropriate symbols on the same given political outline map of India.
i. Tehri – Dam
ii. Indore – Cotton Textile Industrial Centre
iii. Vijaynagar – Iron and Steel Plant
iv. Noida – Software Technology Park
v. Chennai – Major Sea Port
vi. Tarapur – Nuclear Power Plant
Ans.
